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The OwnMG library

Every guide, in one place.

Six in-depth guides to the parts of a mortgage that matter most, plus a glossary of the terms you will meet along the way.

Guides

Read them in order, or start anywhere

Each guide is written to stand on its own, with links to the others where a topic overlaps. Reading times are approximate.

Model house with calculator and pen on desk

Guide 01 · Mortgage basics · 5 min read

How a Mortgage Works, Step by Step

What you are agreeing to when you borrow to buy a home, and the order in which it all happens, from the first budget to the final payment.

In this guide

  • The four parts of every mortgage
  • How amortization shifts each payment over time
  • The seven steps from preparation to closing
Man writing on paper

Guide 02 · Loan structure · 5 min read

Fixed-Rate vs. Adjustable-Rate Mortgages

One keeps your rate the same for the life of the loan; the other trades a lower starting rate for uncertainty later. Here is how each works and how to weigh the trade.

In this guide

  • How an ARM's index, margin and caps work
  • How to estimate a worst-case ARM payment
  • Questions to ask before choosing
Person writing on white paper

Guide 03 · Costs and comparison · 5 min read

Interest Rate vs. APR: What Is the Difference?

Two percentages appear on every mortgage offer, and they answer different questions. Learn what each measures, what the APR leaves out and how to use both.

In this guide

  • What APR includes and leaves out
  • How discount points and lender credits work
  • How to compare Loan Estimates fairly
Many small colorful houses arranged in rows

Guide 04 · Loan programs · 5 min read

Conventional, FHA, VA and USDA Loans Compared

Four families of home loans cover most US purchases. They differ in who backs them, who qualifies, how much you need to put down and what insurance or fees come attached.

In this guide

  • Who backs each loan type
  • Down payment and mortgage insurance differences
  • A side-by-side comparison table
Woman signing paperwork beside another woman

Guide 05 · Monthly payments · 4 min read

Escrow and PITI Explained

Why your mortgage payment is usually more than principal and interest, how an escrow account works and why the amount can change even on a fixed-rate loan.

In this guide

  • The four parts of PITI
  • How escrow cushions, shortages and surpluses work
  • Habits that keep your payment predictable
A plant grows among toy houses of various colors

Guide 06 · Refinancing · 5 min read

Refinancing Basics: When It Can Make Sense

Refinancing replaces your current mortgage with a new one. It can lower costs, reshape your loan or free up equity, but it is never free. Here is how to weigh it.

In this guide

  • Rate-and-term, cash-out and streamlined refinances
  • The break-even and total-cost tests
  • The steps from goal to closing

Glossary

Mortgage terms at a glance

Short definitions of the words that come up most often in loan paperwork. The guides explain each one in more depth.

Amortization
Repaying a loan through scheduled payments that cover the interest due and gradually reduce the principal.
Annual percentage rate (APR)
The yearly cost of a loan including interest and certain fees, expressed as a single percentage.
Closing Disclosure
A five-page form showing a mortgage’s final terms and costs, which you should receive at least three business days before closing.
Debt-to-income ratio
Your total monthly debt payments divided by your gross monthly income, one of the main measures lenders use.
Discount points
Fees paid at closing to lower the interest rate. One point equals 1 percent of the loan amount.
Escrow account
An account your servicer uses to collect and pay property taxes and insurance on your behalf.
Loan Estimate
A standard three-page form a lender must send within three business days after receiving your application.
Loan-to-value ratio
The loan amount divided by the home’s value. A higher ratio usually means more risk for the lender.
Mortgage insurance
Insurance that protects the lender if a loan is not repaid. It is called PMI on conventional loans and MIP on FHA loans.
Rate lock
A lender’s commitment to hold an interest rate for a set period while your loan is processed.
Servicer
The company that collects your payments and manages your loan account. It may not be the lender that made the loan.
Underwriting
The lender’s review of your income, assets, debts, credit and the property before a loan is approved or declined.

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